Adjustments needed when molecules are packed tightly. 3. The Liquid State
Before 1954, the theory of gases (kinetic theory) was relatively mature, thanks to Boltzmann, Chapman, and Enskog. However, the theory of liquids was notoriously fragmented. There was no unified framework to describe: molecular theory of gases and liquids hirschfelder pdf.41
At longer distances, Van der Waals forces (London dispersion) pull molecules together (the r-6r to the negative 6 power 2. Kinetic Theory of Gases Adjustments needed when molecules are packed tightly
Explains how viscosity, thermal conductivity, and diffusion are calculated using the Boltzmann equation . thanks to Boltzmann