DNA isn't just a spiral; it’s a code of four bases (A, T, C, G) that provides instructions for building proteins, the "workhorses" of the cell [27].
Notes in this section should focus on the unique properties of water—cohesion, adhesion, and temperature regulation—and why these are essential for life. Students should clearly define acids, bases, and the pH scale, as this foundational knowledge reappears in units on enzymes and cellular transport. high school biology notes