"I guess you wonder where I’ve been" sets a narrative of return and introspection. The protagonist admits to searching "to find a love within," suggesting a period of solitude or self-discovery before realizing they cannot let go of their feelings for a specific person.
Yes, the exact phrase is the lead-in to the famous rapid-fire chorus. Knowing this will help you search more effectively. While Johnny Cash’s version is the most famous, the song was originally written by Australian singer Geoff Mack in 1959 and first recorded by Lucky Starr (as “I’ve Been Everywhere”) with Australian place names.